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What is IGRP Interior Gateway Routing Protocol?
The Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP) is a proprietary distance-vector routing protocol that was developed by Cisco Systems. It is used to route data packets between autonomous systems (AS) within a single administrative domain. IGRP is mainly designed for larger networks and provides a scalable and reliable solution for dynamic routing.
IGRP operates at the Network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model and utilizes the concept of routing metrics to determine the best path for forwarding packets. A metric is a value assigned to a route, which indicates the relative desirability of that route. IGRP considers factors such as bandwidth, delay, reliability, and MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) size to calculate the metric.
Explanation of Basic Concepts of Routing Technology
Routing technology plays a crucial role in forwarding data packets efficiently across computer networks. Let’s explore some fundamental concepts related to routing:
1. Routing: Routing is the process of selecting the best path for transmitting data packets from the source to the destination through interconnected networks. It involves making decisions based on routing algorithms and routing tables.
2. Routing Protocol: A routing protocol is a set of rules and procedures that enable routers to exchange information and make informed decisions about forwarding packets. These protocols help build and maintain routing tables, which contain information about network topology and routes.
3. Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP): An Interior Gateway Protocol is used for routing within an autonomous system (AS). It provides communication between routers within the same administrative domain and ensures efficient packet forwarding.
4. Distance-Vector Routing: Distance-vector routing is a routing algorithm that determines the best path to a destination based on the number of hops (network jumps) required. Each router maintains a table containing the distance (number of hops) and next-hop information for reachable destinations.
5. Routing Metrics: Routing metrics are used to evaluate and compare different routes to determine the most optimal path for packet transmission. Common metrics include bandwidth, delay, reliability, load, and cost.
6. Autonomous System (AS): An Autonomous System is a collection of networks under a single administrative control. It may consist of routers, switches, and other networking devices managed by a single organization or service provider.
By understanding these basic concepts of routing technology, we can comprehend the significance of the IGRP Interior Gateway Routing Protocol. IGRP, with its powerful routing metrics and efficient routing algorithm, provides an effective solution for routing within larger networks, ensuring reliable and scalable data transmission.
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