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What is the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT) Act?
The Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT) Act is a piece of legislation in Japan that governs the operations and functions of the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation, commonly known as NTT. NTT is Japan’s largest telecommunications company and provides a wide range of services, including fixed-line and mobile telephone, internet, and data communication.
The NTT Act was enacted in 1985 when the company was privatized and transformed into a holding company structure. The main objective of the act was to promote fair competition in the telecommunications industry while ensuring the provision of universal and affordable services to the public.
The Basic Concepts of the Telecommunications Industry
To understand the NTT Act fully, it is essential to grasp some basic concepts of the telecommunications industry. Here are a few key terms and their explanations:
1. Telecommunications: Telecommunications refers to the transmission and exchange of information through various electronic means, including telephone lines, optical fibers, and wireless communication technologies. It encompasses voice communication, data transmission, internet access, and other forms of electronic communication.
2. Telecommunications Service Providers: These are companies or organizations that offer telecommunications services to consumers. Examples include NTT, other network operators, mobile carriers, and internet service providers (ISPs).
3. Universal Service: Universal service is the principle that all citizens should have access to essential and affordable telecommunications services, regardless of their geographical location or economic status. It ensures that even in remote areas or underserved communities, people can avail themselves of basic communication services.
The NTT Act and its Impact
The NTT Act introduced several key provisions that aimed to foster competition and improve services in the telecommunications industry. It led to the separation of NTT into several regional companies and the establishment of a regulatory body, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC). This regulatory framework helped prevent monopolistic practices and promoted a level playing field for other industry players.
Additionally, the NTT Act emphasized the importance of universal service obligations, making it mandatory for NTT and other service providers to ensure affordable and accessible telecommunications services throughout the country.
Over the years, the NTT Act has undergone amendments to adapt to the changing landscape of the telecommunications industry, such as the introduction of regulations for mobile telecommunications and broadband services.
In conclusion, the Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation (NTT) Act is a crucial legislation in Japan that governs the operations of NTT and promotes fair competition while ensuring universal service in the telecommunications sector. Its provisions have played a significant role in shaping the industry and providing reliable and accessible communication services to the Japanese public.
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